Retaining Walls In New England: A Complete Guide
Introduction
If you’re a property owner in Western MA or Northern CT dealing with steep inclines, poor drainage, or are hoping to create a multi-tiered landscape, retaining walls are going to be your best bet!
Retaining walls are man-made structures that contain soil, preventing erosion and collapse while enhancing aesthetics. They offer a range of benefits for both residential and commercial properties when properly constructed.
Curious about whether or not a retaining wall is the right move for you? Read on for more information on benefits, materials, and mistakes you’ll want to avoid.
Why Build a Custom Retaining Wall?
Though retaining walls may at first glance seem like a purely aesthetic addition, they serve a multitude of purposes beyond just looking pretty, which, to be fair, they do! But it’s only right to give credit where credit is due, and retaining walls are much more than a visual upgrade. They can:
Create More Usable Space
Retaining walls maximize the functional use of your yard by leveling out cumbersome slopes into flat areas. This frees up space for dining, relaxing, hosting, playing etc.
Boost Property Value
Because they increase the amount of usable and practical space on your property, retaining walls are extremely appealing to potential buyers who may otherwise be deterred by uneven, awkward terrain. They also result in improved curb appeal, further contributing to a higher resale value.
Drainage
Retaining walls help manage the flow of rainwater, minimizing surface runoff and flood risk. Without retaining walls, sloped terrain becomes vulnerable to fast-moving water that can erode soil, wash out landscaping, and overwhelm drainage systems. This can lead to costly water damage and unstable ground conditions down the road.
Retaining Wall Materials
1. Concrete Block Retaining Walls
Concrete block retaining walls are popular among home and business owners because of their strength, affordability, and versatility. These interlocking blocks are laid out similar to brick (just without mortar) and designed to handle the pressure of sloped ground. They come in a wide range of colors and textures and can imitate the look of natural stone, making them a great blend of function and style.
Why they work in New England:
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Withstand harsh winters and shifting soil
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Low maintenance and highly durable
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Cost-effective
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Great for tiered landscapes or garden beds
2. Natural Stone Retaining Walls
Natural stone retaining walls have an earthy look, perfectly suited for traditional New England homes. Typically built from local fieldstone or granite, they’re long-lasting and require minimal upkeep. They also provide excellent drainage, as the gaps between stones allow for water flow and pressure relief.
dry-stacked or mortared to provide optimal drainage through the gaps between stones.
Why they work in New England:
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Classic, timeless New England aesthetic
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Durable enough to handle intense and unpredictable weather patterns
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Naturally supports water flow and erosion control
3. Timber Retaining Walls
For a more cost-effective option that still offers that natural, rustic feel, timber retaining walls are a great option. Made from pressure-treated wood, these walls are easier to install than stone or block and are best suited for short or mid-height applications.
Why they work in New England:
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Budget-friendly and quick to install
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Ideal for informal landscapes or wooded areas
Best for non-structural or lower-retaining needs
Retaining Wall Styles
Once you’ve decided on the right material for your retaining wall, it’s time to weigh your style options. The design of your wall can dramatically impact your landscape’s look and feel, whether you’re aiming for rustic charm, sleek modernity, or something in between. Below are some of the most popular retaining wall styles:
1. Tiered Retaining Walls
Tiered walls are ideal for steep slopes and large elevation changes. Instead of one tall wall, multiple short walls are built at staggered intervals, often with plants or flowerbeds in between.
Why it works:
Helps manage erosion on steep grades
Adds dimension and visual interest
Creates opportunities for integrated landscaping
2. Curved Retaining Walls
Curved designs offer a softer, more organic look compared to traditional straight walls. This style works especially well in garden settings and around patios or walkways.
Why it works:
Blends naturally with the landscape
Breaks up harsh lines and angles
Visually appealing and highly customizable
3. Straight (Linear) Retaining Walls
If you’re looking for a sleek and structured appearance, you may want to opt for a straight retaining wall. These are ideal for boundary lines, raised beds, or defining the perimeter of specific areas.
Why it works:
Simple, clean aesthetic
Great for tight spaces and boundary lines
Efficient and cost-effective design
4. Freestanding (Seat Wall) Style
Freestanding training walls, as you may guess by the name, do not support any sort of soil or gravel. These shorter, non-load-bearing walls double as both retaining structures and seating areas, perfect for patios, fire pit areas, or garden edges.
Why it works:
Adds functionality and comfort
Blends structure with outdoor living
Great for social or entertainment spaces
Common Mistakes to Avoid
1. Ignoring Drainage Needs
Failing to prioritize drainage is one of the easiest mistakes to make when starting your retaining wall project. It’s vital to remember that they do more than keep soil in place. Consider incorporating drainage features like gravel backfill, weep holes, or drain pipes–without these, moisture and pressure can build, causing your wall to crack or even collapse in the future.
2. Inadequate Leveling
Just like everything in life, the success and effectiveness of your retaining wall will ultimately depend on its foundation. Ensure the trench for your wall is deep enough and completely level, as a shallow or lopsided base can lead to shifting and leaning over time.
3. Building Without a Permit (When One Is Needed)
Before starting your project, be sure to check municipal and state regulations. In many towns across New England, retaining walls over a certain height (typically 3–4 feet) require permits or engineering approval.
4. Choosing the Wrong Materials
Not all materials are created equal, especially in a region like New England, where freeze-thaw cycles and heavy precipitation are common. For instance, selecting low-grade concrete blocks that aren’t suited for harsh winters poses the risk of premature wear and cracking. Choosing the right materials from the start is essential to optimize your wall’s lifespan and reduce maintenance.
Takeaways
From choosing the right material to ensuring proper drainage, there are countless factors to consider when it comes to retaining wall installation. Though it may feel overwhelming, working with the right hardscaping contractor can help take the pressure off and give you some much-needed peace of mind.
Keith Isham Landscaping has over thirty years of experience serving Western MA & Northern CT, and can construct a custom retaining wall that is 100% tailored to your property. We pride ourselves on imaginative, out-of-the-box landscape design and will work hard to build a retaining wall that is as long-lasting as it is beautiful! Call us today at xxxxxxxx to get a free quote for your project!